This course delves into the critical aspects of pathology, a branch of medicine dedicated to studying disease and its causes, mechanisms, and effects on the human body. Beginning with an introduction to pathology and the role it plays in healthcare, the course explores disease classification and nomenclature, emphasizing its importance in diagnosis and treatment. From there, it progresses to key areas such as cellular pathology, hematopathology, and systemic pathology, offering in-depth coverage of cardiovascular, respiratory, gastrointestinal, renal, endocrine, and metabolic disorders.

In addition to examining specific body systems, the course introduces neuropathology, focusing on neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s, as well as stroke and brain injuries. The study of infectious diseases and microbial pathology provides insight into bacterial, viral, fungal, and parasitic infections, along with the immune system’s response to infections. Special attention is given to dermatopathology, emphasizing skin conditions and the pathology of skin cancer.

The course also includes a detailed review of diagnostic techniques used in pathology, including histopathology, clinical laboratory testing, and imaging technologies like X-rays and MRIs. Ethical and legal considerations in pathology are covered, particularly patient confidentiality, communication of pathology findings, and medical ethics. The course concludes with a look into the future of pathology, exploring advances in molecular pathology, personalized medicine, and the impact of emerging technologies such as telepathology.