Understanding ancient history is fundamental to comprehending the origins of modern society, politics, and culture. This course provides an extensive study of the great civilizations that shaped human history, from the early Mesopotamian city-states to the powerful empires of Rome and beyond. Beginning with an introduction to the discipline, students will explore key historiographical approaches and methodologies that historians use to analyze the past.

The course then takes a deep dive into the Mesopotamian civilizations, examining the rise of the Sumerians, the power struggles of the Akkadians and Babylonians, and the military dominance of the Assyrians. Students will then explore Ancient Egypt, tracing its evolution through the Old, Middle, and New Kingdoms while uncovering its contributions to art, governance, and religion.

The study of Ancient Greece covers the Minoan and Mycenaean cultures before moving into the era of city-states such as Athens and Sparta, culminating in the Classical period’s intellectual and military achievements. The section on Ancient Rome follows its transformation from a monarchy to a republic and, eventually, a sprawling empire. Students will examine the reasons behind Rome’s extraordinary expansion and its ultimate decline in Late Antiquity.

Beyond the Mediterranean world, the course broadens its scope to Ancient China, India, and the Americas, highlighting the unique traditions, governance, and innovations of these civilizations. Students will explore the Shang and Han Dynasties of China, the Indus Valley and Gupta Empire of India, and the fascinating societies of the Maya, Aztec, and Inca in the Americas.

To provide a thematic understanding, students will analyze key aspects of ancient history, including religion and mythology, economic and trade networks, and warfare and empire-building. This thematic approach allows learners to draw connections across civilizations and understand the broader historical patterns that influenced human development.

Finally, the course culminates in a research component, guiding students through dissertation preparation, academic research techniques, and structured writing. By the end of this diploma, students will have gained a profound understanding of ancient history and developed critical research skills applicable to further study or professional historical research.